NEW HAVEN, CT – It turns out that watching paint dry might not be as boring as the old adage claims. A team led by Yale University researchers has come up with a new technique to study the mechanics of coatings as they dry and peel, and has discovered that the process is far from mundane.
In the August 9-13 edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the team presents a new way to image and analyze the mechanical stress that causes colloidal coatings, those in which microscopic particles of one substance are dispersed throughout another, to peel off of surfaces.
Understanding how and why coatings fail has broad applications in the physical and biological sciences, said Eric Dufresne, the John J. Lee Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Yale and lead author of the study.
To visualize the microscopic motion of paint in 3-D, the team mixed in tiny fluorescent particles that glow when illuminated by a laser. By tracing the motion of these particles over time with a microscope, they captured in detail the motion of the paint as it peeled and dried.
In addition, the team was able to track the 3-D forces generated by the paint as it dried, producing a “stress map” of the mechanical deformation of the coating as it failed. “The trick was to apply the paint to a soft surface, made of silicone rubber, that is ever so slightly deformed by the gentle forces exerted by the drying paint,” Dufresne said.
Although the current study focuses on colloidal coatings, the technique could be applied to all kinds of coatings, Dufresne said.
Other authors of the study include Ye Xu, Wilfried Engl, Elizabeth Jerison and Callen Hyland (Yale University); Kevin Wallenstein (Princeton University); and Larry Wilen (Unilever).
